1. Make roux (this is a thickener, pronounced rue) in advance: Place flour in a skillet or pot and add the butter. Stir to blend and cook very slowly until thick and golden, about thirty minutes. Roux can be refrigerated and used up to a week or so later.
2. Heat oil in a clean pot. Add onions, carrots, and celery, and sauté.
3. Add garlic, but make sure it doesn't brown. (Burnt garlic tastes bitter).
4. Add cumin, coriander, and chili powder. Sauté briefly.
5. Add beans and stir.
6. Add water and bay leaves, cook until beans get tender, about 1 1/2 hours, stirring frequently.
7. Add roux a little at a time until soup is to desired thickness. You may puree the soup in batches in a blender if you wish. Some prefer the soup with whole beans.
8. Stir in cream. Add salt and pepper to taste. Top with the garnish of your choice.
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